Mechanical Properties

Welder Training & Certification

Mechanical Properties of Metal

The description of a material's behavior when force is applied for the purpose of determining the materials suitability for mechanical use.

STRENGTH

The measure of a material's ability to resist a load without rupture, collapse, failure or undue distortion.

TENSILE STRENGTH

A material's resistance to failure through tension. { Load / cross section }

HARDNESS

Resistance to deformation and fracture by indentation or impact.

DUCTILITY

Resistance to fracture after deformation has began by loading in tension. { elongation & reduction in area }

MALLEABILITY

Resistance to fracture after deformation has began by loading in compression.

TOUGHNESS

Resistance to deformation, fracture or failure through stress, impact, tension and compression.

BRITTLENESS

Rupture with little or no permanent deformation.

FATIGUE

Progressive fracture or failure caused by repeated cycles of stress.

ENDURANCE

A material's resistance to fatigue.

CREEP

Continuing deformation under stress.

ELASTICITY

Resistance to permanent deformation under load ( stress energy ).

STIFFNESS

Resistance to elasticity.

RESILIENCE

The ability of a material to return to its original shape after deformation; stored energy that is released upon the removal of the load.

YIELD POINT

A marked increase in deformation without an increase in load.

REDUCTION IN AREA

A change in cross section due to an applied load in tension. (original area)-(final area)/(original area)

ELONGATION

Change in length due to an applied load in tension. (final length)-(original length)/(original length)

STRESS

Internal resistance to force or load.

STRAIN

Permanent mechanical change produced by a force or load ( yield to stress )

TASK LIST I TASK LIST II TASK LIST III

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION PERFORMANCE PROCEDURE PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATIONN

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STRENGTH		The measure of a material's ability to resist a load without rupture, collapse, failure or undue distortion.
TENSILE STRENGTH		A material's resistance to failure through tension. { Load / cross section }
HARDNESS		Resistance to deformation and fracture by indentation or impact.
DUCTILITY		Resistance to fracture after deformation has began by loading in tension. { elongation & reduction in area }
MALLEABILITY		Resistance to fracture after deformation has began by loading in compression.
TOUGHNESS		Resistance to deformation, fracture or failure through stress, impact, tension and compression.
BRITTLENESS		Rupture with little or no permanent deformation.
FATIGUE		Progressive fracture or failure caused by repeated cycles of stress.
ENDURANCE		A material's resistance to fatigue.
CREEP		Continuing deformation under stress.
ELASTICITY		Resistance to permanent deformation under load ( stress energy ).
STIFFNESS		Resistance to elasticity.
RESILIENCE		The ability of a material to return to its original shape after deformation; stored energy that is released upon the removal of the load.
YIELD POINT		A marked increase in deformation without an increase in load.
REDUCTION IN AREA		A change in cross section due to an applied load in tension. (original area)-(final area)/(original area)
ELONGATION		Change in length due to an applied load in tension. (final length)-(original length)/(original length)
STRESS		Internal resistance to force or load.
STRAIN		Permanent mechanical change produced by a force or load ( yield to stress )